Colony Location: Sand Island | Pacific Environment Data Portal

Colony Name

Sand Island

Atoll

Sand Island

EEZ

Johnston Atoll EEZ

Island Name

Sand Island

Coordinates

16° 44.7' N, 169° 30.667' W

Species	Period	Count	Derivation	Breeding Status	Data Source	Data Quality
Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes (Diomedeidae)	2007			Absent	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Red-footed Booby Sula sula (Sulidae)	2000 (Breeding)	950 Breeding pairs	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Citta et al (2007)	Good
Great Frigatebird Fregata minor (Fregatidae)	1995 (Breeding)	50-150 Breeding pairs	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Citta et al (2007)	Good
Black Noddy Anous minutus (Laridae)	1995 (Breeding)	350 Breeding pairs	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Citta et al (2007)	Good
Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda (Phaethontidae)	1994 (Breeding)	2000 Breeding pairs	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Citta et al (2007)	Good
Red-footed Booby Sula sula (Sulidae)	1983 (Breeding)	20 Breeding pairs	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Citta et al (2007)	Good
Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda (Phaethontidae)	1982 (Breeding)	100 Breeding pairs	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Citta et al (2007)	Good
Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes (Diomedeidae)	1976			Absent	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Red-footed Booby Sula sula (Sulidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	1740 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda (Phaethontidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	6500 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus (Laridae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	360000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica (Procellariidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	8000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
White-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon lepturus (Phaethontidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	4 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Christmas Shearwater Puffinus nativitatis (Procellariidae)	1973 (Breeding)	25-30 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Black Noddy Anous minutus (Laridae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	1000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Blue Noddy Anous ceruleus (Laridae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	4 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Red-footed Booby Sula sula (Sulidae)	1973 (Breeding)	2 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Brown Booby Sula leucogaster (Sulidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	1110 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Brown Noddy Anous stolidus (Laridae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	17000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii (Procellariidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	120 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Christmas Shearwater Puffinus nativitatis (Procellariidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	220 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Common White Tern Gygis alba (Laridae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	1000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Great Frigatebird Fregata minor (Fregatidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	380 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Grey-backed Tern Onychoprion lunatus (Laridae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	1000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Masked Booby Sula dactylatra (Sulidae)	1973 - 2007 (Breeding)	80 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	USFWS (unpublished data)	Medium
Brown Booby Sula leucogaster (Sulidae)	1969 (Breeding)	140 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Brown Noddy Anous stolidus (Laridae)	1969 (Breeding)	3000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Bulwer's Petrel Bulweria bulwerii (Procellariidae)	1969 (Breeding)	50 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Black Noddy Anous minutus (Laridae)	1969 (Breeding)	50 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed		Good
Grey-backed Tern Onychoprion lunatus (Laridae)	1969 (Breeding)	200 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Masked Booby Sula dactylatra (Sulidae)	1969	(Uncommon)		Non-Breeding	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Medium
Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda (Phaethontidae)	1969 (Breeding)	75 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus (Laridae)	1969 (Breeding)	150000 Breeding pairs	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica (Procellariidae)	1969 (Breeding)	3000 Individuals (Common)	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Brown Booby Sula leucogaster (Sulidae)	1964 (Breeding)	70 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda (Phaethontidae)	1964 (Breeding)	50 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Amerson & Shelton (1976)	Good
toggle-details Great Frigatebird Fregata minor (Fregatidae)	1964 - 1965 (Breeding)	50-750 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Non-Breeding	Schreiber & Chovan (1986)	Good
Survey Breeding Notes Non-breeding roosting birds
toggle-details Red-footed Booby Sula sula (Sulidae)	1964 - 1965 (Breeding)	2000-5000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Non-Breeding	Schreiber & Chovan (1986)	Good
Survey Breeding Notes Non-breeding roosting birds
Black Noddy Anous minutus (Laridae)	1957 April (Breeding)	6-10 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Moynihan (1957)	Good
Brown Booby Sula leucogaster (Sulidae)	1957 April (Breeding)	50 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Moynihan (1957)	Good
Brown Noddy Anous stolidus (Laridae)	1957 April (Breeding)	200 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Moynihan (1957)	Good
Great Frigatebird Fregata minor (Fregatidae)	1957 April (Breeding)	900 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Moynihan (1957)	Good
Grey-backed Tern Onychoprion lunatus (Laridae)	1957 April (Breeding)	200 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Moynihan (1957)	Good
Red-footed Booby Sula sula (Sulidae)	1957 April (Breeding)	100 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Moynihan (1957)	Good
Black-footed Albatross Phoebastria nigripes (Diomedeidae)	1923 July (Breeding)	2 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Good
Brown Noddy Anous stolidus (Laridae)	1923 July (Breeding)	800 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Good
Christmas Shearwater Puffinus nativitatis (Procellariidae)	1923 July (Breeding)	100 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Good
Great Frigatebird Fregata minor (Fregatidae)	1923 July (Breeding)	100 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Good
Grey-backed Tern Onychoprion lunatus (Laridae)	1923 July (Breeding)	25 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Good
Masked Booby Sula dactylatra (Sulidae)	1923 July (Breeding)	50 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Medium
Red-footed Booby Sula sula (Sulidae)	1923 July (Breeding)	50-60 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Good
Red-tailed Tropicbird Phaethon rubricauda (Phaethontidae)	1923 July (Breeding)	4 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Good
toggle-details Sooty Tern Onychoprion fuscatus (Laridae)	1923 July (Breeding)	15000 Individuals	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Poor
Survey Breeding Notes Wetmore's estimates for 1923, for example, indicate a total population of 5,500 (3,500 for Johnston and 2,000 for Sand). One photograph made on Sand Island during that period, however, shows over 1,200 birds. Since this picture probably did not include more than a fraction of the total, and the total using the island during the day is never more than a third or half the night population, the actual number using the island during July 1923 probably was similar to the numbers using the island during the same periods in the 1960's--15,000 or more.
Wedge-tailed Shearwater Ardenna pacifica (Procellariidae)	1923 July (Breeding)	500 Individuals (Common)	Estimated (directly)	Confirmed	Wetmore (1923)	Poor